MERN Stack Build Part 1

In this build we will:

Build an Express API
Use Mongo/Mongoose with 1 model
Deploy the API with Heroku
Build a Full CRUD Frontend with React
Deploy with Netlify

Setup for Express Build

Create a folder called express-react
Inside this folder create another folder called backend
Generate a React app called frontend npx create-react-app frontend

Your folder structure should look like this...

/express-react
 -> /backend
 -> /frontend

cd into the backend folder

Setting up the Express app

Make files touch .env .gitignore server.js

Create a new node project npm init -y
Install dependencies npm install dotenv mongoose express cors morgan
Install dev dependencies npm install --save-dev nodemon
Setup npm scripts

"scripts": {
    "start": "node server.js",
    "dev": "nodemon server.js"
}

Put the following .gitignore

/node_modules
.env

Put the following in .env (make sure to use YOUR mongodb.com uri)

MONGODB_URL=mongodb+src://...
PORT=4000

Starting Server.js

Let's build out the minimum to get server.js running:

///////////////////////////////
// DEPENDENCIES
////////////////////////////////
// get .env variables
require("dotenv").config();
// pull PORT from .env, give default value of 4000
const { PORT = 4000 } = process.env;
// import express
const express = require("express");
// create application object
const app = express();

///////////////////////////////
// ROUTES
////////////////////////////////
// create a test route
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
    res.send("hello world");
});

///////////////////////////////
// LISTENER
////////////////////////////////
app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`listening on PORT ${PORT}`));

Run the server npm run dev and make sure you see "Hello World" when you go to localhost:4000.

Adding a Database Connection

Let's update our server.js to include a database connection:

///////////////////////////////
// DEPENDENCIES
////////////////////////////////
// get .env variables
require("dotenv").config();
// pull PORT from .env, give default value of 4000
// pull MONGODB_URL from .env
const { PORT = 4000, MONGODB_URL } = process.env;
// import express
const express = require("express");
// create application object
const app = express();
// import mongoose
const mongoose = require("mongoose");

///////////////////////////////
// DATABASE CONNECTION
////////////////////////////////
// Establish Connection
mongoose.connect(MONGODB_URL, {
    useUnifiedTopology: true,
    useNewUrlParser: true,
});
// Connection Events
mongoose.connection
    .on("open", () => console.log("You are connected to mongoose"))
    .on("close", () => console.log("You are disconnected from mongoose"))
    .on("error", (error) => console.log(error));

///////////////////////////////
// ROUTES
////////////////////////////////
// create a test route
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
    res.send("hello world");
});

///////////////////////////////
// LISTENER
////////////////////////////////
app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`listening on PORT ${PORT}`));

Make sure you see the Mongoose Connection message when the server restarts

Adding the People Model

Let's add a People model to server.js along with an index and create route to see and create our people.
Make sure to add cors andexpress.json middleware!

///////////////////////////////
// DEPENDENCIES
////////////////////////////////
// get .env variables
require("dotenv").config();
// pull PORT from .env, give default value of 4000
// pull MONGODB_URL from .env
const { PORT = 4000, MONGODB_URL } = process.env;
// import express
const express = require("express");
// create application object
const app = express();
// import mongoose
const mongoose = require("mongoose");
// import middlware
const cors = require("cors");
const morgan = require("morgan");

///////////////////////////////
// DATABASE CONNECTION
////////////////////////////////
// Establish Connection
mongoose.connect(MONGODB_URL, {
    useUnifiedTopology: true,
    useNewUrlParser: true,
});
// Connection Events
mongoose.connection
    .on("open", () => console.log("You are connected to mongoose"))
    .on("close", () => console.log("You are disconnected from mongoose"))
    .on("error", (error) => console.log(error));

///////////////////////////////
// MODELS
////////////////////////////////
const PeopleSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
    name: String,
    image: String,
    title: String,
});

const People = mongoose.model("People", PeopleSchema);

///////////////////////////////
// MiddleWare
////////////////////////////////
app.use(cors()); // to prevent cors errors, open access to all origins
app.use(morgan("dev")); // logging
app.use(express.json()); // parse json bodies

///////////////////////////////
// ROUTES
////////////////////////////////
// create a test route
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
    res.send("hello world");
});

// PEOPLE INDEX ROUTE
app.get("/people", async (req, res) => {
    try {
        // send all people
        res.json(await People.find({}));
    } catch (error) {
        //send error
        res.status(400).json(error);
    }
});

// PEOPLE CREATE ROUTE
app.post("/people", async (req, res) => {
    try {
        // send all people
        res.json(await People.create(req.body));
    } catch (error) {
        //send error
        res.status(400).json(error);
    }
});

///////////////////////////////
// LISTENER
////////////////////////////////
app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`listening on PORT ${PORT}`));

Create 3 people using postman to make post requests to /people
Test the index route with a get request to /people

Update and Delete

Let's add an Update and Delete API Route to server.js:

///////////////////////////////
// DEPENDENCIES
////////////////////////////////
// get .env variables
require("dotenv").config();
// pull PORT from .env, give default value of 4000
// pull MONGODB_URL from .env
const { PORT = 4000, MONGODB_URL } = process.env;
// import express
const express = require("express");
// create application object
const app = express();
// import mongoose
const mongoose = require("mongoose");
// import middlware
const cors = require("cors");
const morgan = require("morgan");

///////////////////////////////
// DATABASE CONNECTION
////////////////////////////////
// Establish Connection
mongoose.connect(MONGODB_URL, {
  useUnifiedTopology: true,
  useNewUrlParser: true,
});
// Connection Events
mongoose.connection
  .on("open", () => console.log("You are connected to mongoose"))
  .on("close", () => console.log("You are disconnected from mongoose"))
  .on("error", (error) => console.log(error));

///////////////////////////////
// MODELS
////////////////////////////////
const PeopleSchema = new mongoose.Schema({
  name: String,
  image: String,
  title: String,
});

const People = mongoose.model("People", PeopleSchema);

///////////////////////////////
// MiddleWare
////////////////////////////////
app.use(cors()); // to prevent cors errors, open access to all origins
app.use(morgan("dev")); // logging
app.use(express.json()); // parse json bodies

///////////////////////////////
// ROUTES
////////////////////////////////
// create a test route
app.get("/", (req, res) => {
  res.send("hello world");
});

// PEOPLE INDEX ROUTE
app.get("/people", async (req, res) => {
  try {
    // send all people
    res.json(await People.find({}));
  } catch (error) {
    //send error
    res.status(400).json(error);
  }
});

// PEOPLE CREATE ROUTE
app.post("/people", async (req, res) => {
  try {
    // send all people
    res.json(await People.create(req.body));
  } catch (error) {
    //send error
    res.status(400).json(error);
  }
});

// PEOPLE DELETE ROUTE
app.delete("/people/:id", async (req, res) => {
  try {
    // send all people
    res.json(await People.findByIdAndRemove(req.params.id));
  } catch (error) {
    //send error
    res.status(400).json(error);
  }
});

// PEOPLE UPDATE ROUTE
app.put("/people/:id", async (req, res) => {
  try {
    // send all people
    res.json(
      await People.findByIdAndUpdate(req.params.id, req.body, { new: true })
    );
  } catch (error) {
    //send error
    res.status(400).json(error);
  }
});

///////////////////////////////
// LISTENER
////////////////////////////////
app.listen(PORT, () => console.log(`listening on PORT ${PORT}`));

Deploy

Create a git repo in the backend folder git init
Add all files to staging git add .
Commit git commit -m "message"
Create a new repo on github.com (make sure its empty and public)
Add the remote to your local repo git remote add origin URL replace URL with your repos url
Push up your code git push origin branchName replace branch name with your active branch, find that with git branch
Go to heroku and create a new project
Under deploy connect your repo, enable auto deploys, and trigger a manual deploy
Under settings set your MONGO_URL config var
In postman test all your API endpoints

Lab Part 1 - Cheese App

Create another folder called "Cheese App"
Create a backend and frontend folder like you did for today's lesson
Create a cheese API with index, create, update and delete routes
The model should look like:

name: String,
countryOfOrigin: String,
image: String

Test the API, deploy the API, test the deployed API